

These datasets are of a size that a degree of capability for large dataset analysis is required.

Platform manipulation that we can reliably attribute to a government or state linked actor is considered an information operation and is prohibited by the Twitter Rules. We may also release incremental additions to existing datasets if we believe the additional information could materially impact research findings. We only disclose datasets once we have determined attribution, and once all applicable investigations have concluded. Following these enforcements, we carry out thorough investigations of the accounts and individuals involved. If and when we identify additional attempted information operations on Twitter in the future, our first priority is to enforce our rules and remove accounts engaged in attempts to manipulate the public conversation. We hope that holistic, transparent disclosures such as this can help us all learn and build the necessary societal defenses and capacities to protect public conversation. We expanded this dataset considerably with several separate updates over the past couple of years - we're the only company to offer this level of granularity and transparency.įor our part, we are learning, evolving, and building a technological and personnel-driven approach to combating inauthentic influence campaigns. Transparency has been a critical part of this company from the start.


It is our fundamental belief that these accounts should be made public and searchable so members of the public, governments, and researchers can investigate, learn, and build media literacy capacities for the future. In October 2018, we launched the first archive in the industry of potential foreign information operations we have seen on Twitter. We believe the public and research community are better informed by transparency. We believe Twitter has a responsibility to protect the integrity of the public conversation - including through the timely disclosure of information about attempts to manipulate Twitter to influence elections and other civic conversations by foreign or domestic state linked entities. In line with our principles of transparency and to improve public understanding of inauthentic influence campaigns, Twitter is making publicly available archives of Tweets and media that we believe resulted from state linked information operations on our service.
